World Economic Forum published the Effective Energy Transition 2023 report where it is emphasized that Sweden, Denmark y Norway are leading the way toward the goal of achieving net-zero emissions.
The strength of these European countries lies in their energy systems The company's commitment to the environment is based on a variety of policies, stable regulatory frameworks, high investment in research and development, and carbon pricing systems that incentivize greener solutions.
The Effective Energy Transition report is an annual publication of World Economic Forum that through the Energy Transition Index (ETI) compares the performance of energy systems and preparedness for a secure, sustainable, affordable and reliable energy future in 120 countries.
The ETI measures five indicators:
- Energy intensity
- Participation in electricity
- Renewable energy capacity
- CO2 intensity
- CO2 emissions per capita
The World Economic Forum indicates that, over the past decade, global ETI scores have improved by 10%. Of the 120 countries, 113 have made progress over the past decade, but 55 have improved by more than 10 percentage points.
Sweden is the country with the highest ETI, with 78.5; followed by Denmark, with 76.1; and Norway, with 73.7. The other countries with ETIs above 70 are Finland, Switzerland, Iceland and France.
Mexico ranks 68th in the ETI ranking, with 54.1 points. The best-ranked Latin American country is Brazil, in 14th place, with 65.9 points.
The global average is 56.3 points, while the average for Latin America and the Caribbean is 54.8 points.
Although in share of electricity, renewable energy capacity,
CO2 intensity and CO2 emissions per capita, Mexico 67%, in energy intensity its progress is negative.
The report considers that environmental, macroeconomic and geopolitical developments over the past decade have affected the energy system in myriad ways.
"Over the past decade, the world has made significant progress toward transitioning to low-carbon energy systems, although not at the pace needed to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. The lack of consistent and balanced progress for many countries highlights the challenge of navigating the energy transition," he stresses.
The document states that it is necessary to accelerate the review of the global energy systems and set milestones for various sectors and technologies.
The report proposes the following solutions to achieve the energy transition
Renewable energies:
Solar photovoltaic and wind energy should account for almost 70% of global electricity generation in 2050.
Energy efficiency:
Increase energy efficiency with solutions for buildings, vehicles, appliances. Industry can create jobs and at the same time reduce emissions.
Electrification:
Demand can drive rapid emission reductions through electric vehicles in transportation, heat pumps in buildings and electric furnaces in industry.
Bioenergy:
Low-emission fuels and biomethane can replace natural gas for heating and transportation.
Carbon capture, use and storage:
It can help address emissions from existing active sources such as cement and enable low emissions in hydrogen production.
Hydrogen-based fuels:
Hydrogen can be used in heavy industries, such as steel and chemicals, and in ship and aircraft transportation.
The Fostering an Effective Energy Transition report stresses that the focus should be on improving a equitable, safe and sustainable transitionThe company is resilient to maintain speed under the current volatile conditions and during possible future national or international shocks.
Source: World Economic Forum